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| Section2 = 〕 | Solubility = 0.024%〔Product information sheet from Sigma Aldrich: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/d2510pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/d2510pis.pdf〕 }} }} Deoxycholic acid, also known as deoxycholate, cholanoic acid, and 3α,12α-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid, is a bile acid. Deoxycholic acid is one of the secondary bile acids, which are metabolic byproducts of intestinal bacteria. The two primary bile acids secreted by the liver are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. Bacteria metabolize chenodeoxycholic acid into the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid, and they metabolize cholic acid into deoxycholic acid. There are additional secondary bile acids, such as ursodeoxycholic acid. Deoxycholic acid is soluble in alcohol and acetic acid. When pure, it comes in a white to off-white crystalline powder form. ==Applications== Deoxycholic acid has been used since its discovery in various fields of human medicine. In the human body deoxycholic acid is used in the emulsification of fats for the absorption in the intestine. It has, in some countries (including Switzerland) been licensed as an emulsifier in food industry,〔Streuli, H. et al.: ''SLMB - Schweizer Lebensmittelbuch'', 1992, chapter 58, 4/3〕 but it is no longer common. Outside the body it is used in experimental basis of cholagogues and is also in use to prevent and dissolve gallstones.〔Combichole, Trout Medical Inc., Houston, US〕〔Cholecysmon, Riemser Arzneimittel AG, Riems, Germany〕 In research deoxycholic acid is used as a mild detergent for the isolation of membrane associated proteins. The critical micelle concentration for deoxycholic acid is approximately 2.4-4 mM.〔J.M. Neugebauer, Detergents: An Overview, in: M.P. Deutscher, Guide to Protein Purification (Methods in Enzymology Vol. 182), Academic Press, San Diego 1990〕 Sodium deoxycholate, the sodium salt of deoxycholic acid, is often used as a biological detergent to lyse cells and solubilise cellular and membrane components.〔(Sodium deoxycholate )〕 Sodium deoxycholate mixed with phosphatidylcholine, is used in mesotherapy injections to produce lipolysis, and has been used as an alternative to surgical excision in the treatment of lipomas. Deoxycholates and bile acid derivatives in general are actively being studied as structures for incorporation in nanotechnology.〔''Molecules'', 2001, 6, 21.〕 They also have found application in microlithography as photoresistant components.〔''Polym. Mat. Sci. Eng.'', 1997, 77, 445.〕〔''Chemistry Letters'', 2000, 414.〕 In the United States, deoxycholic acid, under the trade name Kybella, is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for reducing moderate-to-severe fat below the chin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 FDA approves treatment for fat below the chin )〕 When injected into submental fat, deoxycholic acid helps destroy fat cells.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「deoxycholic acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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